India is already advancing the COP agenda. India’s climate actions will be a point of focus not just at COP27 but also during its upcoming G20 presidency. India’s ambitious green commitments are particularly extraordinary as its annual per capita carbon footprint is well below 2 tonnes—which is about a fourth of China’s, one-eighth of that of the United States, and less than one-third of the global average. This places India in a unique position of moral leadership as it champions the cause of climate justice for the Global South.
Prime Minister Modi’s historic five-point agenda or ‘Panchamrit’ (five elixirs) consists of achieving net-zero emissions by 2070; attaining the near-term goals of building 500 GW of non-fossil electricity capacity; meeting 50 percent of energy requirements from renewables; reducing 1 billion tonnes of emissions; and reducing the emissions intensity of India’s GDP by 45 percent by 2030. Most immediately, the Indian government aims to establish 175 GW of renewable energy (RE) capacity by 2022. These green commitments provide the framework currently guiding the country’s climate actions, including its strategic use of clean technology.
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